Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It occurs due to an imbalance in hormones, leading to various symptoms that can impact overall health and fertility. Understanding the signs of PCOD can help in early diagnosis and effective management.
1. Irregular or Missed Periods
One of the most common signs of PCOD is irregular menstrual cycles. Women with PCOD may experience:
✔️ Infrequent periods (less than 8 periods per year)
✔️ Heavy bleeding during periods
✔️ Missed periods due to lack of ovulation
Hormonal imbalances cause irregular ovulation, making it difficult for the uterus to shed its lining regularly.
2. Excessive Facial and Body Hair (Hirsutism)
PCOD leads to higher levels of androgens (male hormones), which can cause excessive hair growth on the:
✔️ Face (upper lip, chin, jawline)
✔️ Chest
✔️ Back
✔️ Stomach
This condition is called hirsutism and affects nearly 70% of women with PCOD.
3. Acne and Oily Skin
Hormonal imbalances in PCOD can cause:
✔️ Severe acne, especially on the jawline, chin, and forehead
✔️ Oily skin
✔️ Recurring breakouts
These skin issues result from excess androgens, which increase oil production in the skin.
4. Hair Thinning or Hair Loss
While PCOD may cause excessive body hair growth, it can also lead to hair thinning on the scalp.
✔️ Hair becomes weak, thin, and brittle
✔️ Increased hair fall
✔️ Male-pattern baldness in severe cases
This is due to androgenic alopecia, which weakens hair follicles.
5. Weight Gain and Difficulty Losing Weight
Women with PCOD often experience unexplained weight gain, especially around the:
✔️ Abdomen
✔️ Waist
PCOD makes it difficult for the body to process insulin, leading to fat accumulation and increased risk of obesity.
6. Dark Patches on Skin (Acanthosis Nigricans)
Some women with PCOD develop dark, velvety patches on:
✔️ Neck
✔️ Underarms
✔️ Groin
This happens due to insulin resistance, a common issue in PCOD.
7. Mood Swings, Anxiety, and Depression
Hormonal fluctuations in PCOD can impact mental health, leading to:
✔️ Mood swings
✔️ Anxiety
✔️ Depression
✔️ Low energy levels
Managing stress and practicing self-care can help improve mental well-being.
8. Fertility Issues and Difficulty Conceiving
PCOD can cause ovulation problems, making it harder to conceive. Symptoms include:
✔️ Irregular ovulation
✔️ Difficulty getting pregnant
✔️ Higher risk of miscarriage
However, with proper treatment, lifestyle changes, and medical guidance, pregnancy is still possible.
When Should You See a Doctor?
If you notice multiple symptoms of PCOD, consult a doctor for diagnosis. Your doctor may recommend:
✔️ Blood tests to check hormone levels
✔️ Ultrasound to examine ovaries
✔️ Lifestyle modifications for symptom management
Conclusion
PCOD is a manageable condition if detected early. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, and regular exercise can help control symptoms and improve overall health.
If you experience persistent symptoms, seek medical advice for proper treatment and support.
